Plants;
-are eukaryotic
-are mutlicellular
-are photoautotrophic
-have cell walls made of cellulose
-have a waxy layer called a cuticle
Their leaves are organs used for photosynthesis. The roots
and stem are also organs. The roots absorb nutrients and water, and are also used for anchors to the ground and storage for
some starch. The stem provides structural support. The cuticle prevents desiccation. And lastly the seeds are used as a transport
dispersal.They are also vascular and nonvascular.
Seedless plants:
-produce spores but no seeds
-are not as common or wides spread as other plants
-are found in moist enviroments
Nonvascular
-liverworts, lobe shaped leaves, moist enviroment,
Hepatophyta
-hornworts, closely related to algae, one chloroplast,
moist and shady enviroment, Anthoerophyta
-mosses, 14,500 species, worldwide moist areas, Bryophyta
Vascular
-whisk ferns, no roots or leaves, does photosynthesis
in the stem, Psilophyta
-club mosses, have stems, roots and leaves, look like
a small pine tree, Lycophyta
-horsetails, hollow jointed stem with silica, Sphenophyta
-ferns, the largest group, Pterophyta
Seed plants:
Ginkgophyta, a herb used for energy and the seed has a fleshy
coat.
Coniferophyta (conifers and evergreens)
-mostly evergreens, retain leaves all year
-gymnosperm, "naked seed", the seesd is not protected
by fruit
-pine needles, may last up to forty years and have
a waxy cuticle
Anthophyta,
flowering plants
-angiosperm, "covered seed", protects the seed and
helps with dispersal
-fruit, fleshy ovary of a flower
-monocot, one seed leaf, parallel veins, branched root,
flower parts in groups of three
-dicot, two seed leaves, branched veins, taproot, flower
parts in groups of 4 or 5
-life span, annuals, biennials, perennials
-pollination, the transfer of pollen from the anther
to the stigma, transportation by insects, wind, and mammals
-fertilization
-fruit, wall of ovary
-seed dispersal by animals, wind, and water
